Improvement in sewing-machines



. SSheets-#ShegtL V:.l". McCLOSKE-Y. SEWING-MACHINE.

Patented Apr125, 187.6.

N-PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D GA 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J McCLOSKEY SEWING-MAcHIN'E. No.176,660.

Patented Aqpr125,18716,

l N ITED STATE/s PATENT FFICE.

J'oHN MeonosKnY, oF Nnw YORK, N-. Y.

vIMPROVEMENT IN SEWING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 76,660, dated April 25, 1876; applicaion filed VJune 5, 1675.

tion to the shaf't (which actuates the needle- `bar) continuously and without interruption throughout the entire revolution of the saine, whereby a more steady, effective, and free motion of the said shaft is lsecured than has hitherto been found practicable. The invention further comprises certain novel and advantageous combinations of parts for operating the feeding-dog, for feeding the cloth in directions at right angles, or thereabout, to

each other, and for, in other ways, facilitating the convenient and efficient operation of the machine. 1

Furthermore, the invention consists in certain loop detaining and transposing V'devices in connection with a rotating hook and a reciprocating needle for workin g a single thread to produce a chain-stitch, and, when abobbin is used within the rotating hook, for lproducing a double or locked-thread stitch.

Figure 1 represents a side view ot' a sewinginachine having my invention applied; Fig.

2, a rear view of the same; Fig. 3, a vertical transverse section on the line a. a Fig. 4, a front View; Fig. 5,'a side view ofthe rotating hook, with bobbin and screw for producing a double or locked-thread chain-stitch. Fig. 6 is a View, in perspective, of a supplementary hook for use in connection with the main rotating hook, the same tormin g a loop retaining and transposing device tor the production ot' a single-thread chain-stitch. Fig. 7 is a fr ont view of said hooks, in combination with the sewing-needle and presser-foot\at the coinmencenlent of a stitch. Fig.v 8, a vertical section of the same in a plane at right angles to the last-named figure; Figs. 9, 10, and 12,

`face views of like devices, in different positions, Fig. 12 showing the finishing action of the interlacin g of the loops, before the tension,

however, is-applied to lock them. Fig. l1 is indicated by the arrow, 1. Fig. 15, a longitndin al vertical section of similar parts, on the line fu n, looking in direction ofthe arrow 2; Fig. 16, a front view of said devices, with the cloth-plate in' section; Fig. 17, transverse vertical section on the line w w in" Fig. 14; Fig. 18, a plan of the feeding devices arranged to feed in direction of the length of the rotating-hook shaft, as indicated by arrowr 3; Fig. 19, a longitudinal vertical section on the line m no, looking in direction of the arrow 4; and Fig. 20, a transverse vertical section on the line y y. n

A is the bed portion of the machine 5 B, the goose-neck thereof, and O the cloth plate or table. D is the shaft which operates the needle-bar by means of a crank, b, and connecting-rod c at the forward end of said shaft. The rear end of the shaft D carries a double crank, EE, the wrist-pins d e of which are at right angles to each other, or thereabout, and

are coupled, by independent connectingrods F Gr, witlra corresponding double crank or wrist-pins, f g, carried by a lower drivingshaft, H. This combination of double cranks with their wrist-pins at right angles to each other, and rods connecting` them., avoids all dead-center action in the driving of the ma- 'l chine, as incidental to a single-crank driving arrangement, and is in uch smoother and steadier; also,noiseless. The one, G, of the connecting-rods may be extended vbelow its `attachment to its lower wrist-pin, and be provided with a pendulous weight, I, which assists the rearor outside cranks in passing their deadcenters, and keeps the rod G in steady connection with its wrist-pins. Said pendulous weight, however, has a more important advantage when the rod F, either by accident or design-as, for instance, in case of the breakage of it or its wrist-pin-is dispensed with,

and said rod F may be made with opening and closing jaws at its ends,as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3, to admit of its removal. In this casethat is, when the driving-power is communicated through a single rod, G-then the power is conveyed to said rod by a crank ,or wrist pin, h, on a pulley, J, that becomes I tating hook, K, which may be similar to that used in an ordinary Wheeler and Wilson machine, for operation in connection with the reciprocating needle k, which works the sewingthread l; but said hook operates in connection with other devices, as hereinafter described, for changing the stitch.

The feed too, which is a four-motion one, is made capable of being` changed, so as either to feed the clot-h in a transverse relation with the shaft H, as indicated by arrow 1, in Fig. 14, or in parallel relation withsaid shaft from back to front of the machine, as indicated by arrow 3 in Figs. 18, 19.

To provide for this change in the direction of the feed, the -cloth-plate G is attached by screws m, or other suitable fastenings, to the bed-portion A, arranged so 'that said Aplate may be readily detachedand turned to occupy positions at right angles with each other, as shown in Figs. 14 and 18, and the same screws orfastenings may be'used to hold it in either position, according to the direction of feed required. Said plate C, too, has the sliding bar L of the feed, which carries the rising and falling feeding-dog M, and which is controlled, as regards its back movement, bya spring, n, carried by it; also, the eccentric or other adjustable stop N, which regulates the length of feed to vary the size of the stitches, so that when changing the positions of the cloth-plate, as above described, these several devices are in their places and in proper work-` ing position for feed in either of the two directions specified. To give the several requisite four-motions of the feed, the weight ofthe pivoted dog M, and the action, of the spring-n, serve to effect the falling and back motions of said dog. Togive the rising and forward inotions thereto the following devices are employed; Y

On the shaft H, back of the rotating hook, is an eccentric, 0, which reciprocates a bar, P, backward and forward, with freedom to rise and fall, by means of a free pin and slotted connection, as at p, of said bar in its rear. This gives the lift and forward motions to the feeding-dog M, when the feed is transverse to the shaft H, by means of an arm, Q, arranged to project from the face of the bar P, and so lhatwhen moving forward, in common with the bar P, it lifts the forward portion of the dog M to bite on the cloth, and acts against a projection, q, on the slide L to give forward vfeed to said dog.

When it is required to feed parallel with the shaft H-that is, from back to front ofthe machine instead of across it, the cloth-plate C having been changed from the position represented for it in Fig. 14 to that shown for it in Fi'g. 15S-then, to give the rising and forward motions to the dog M, a cam, R, also arranged on the shaft H, back of the rotating hook, operates, instead of the arm Q of the bar P, on the feeding-dog M to both lift the latter and to move it forward, the lift being produced by a rise or swell on the periphery of the cam, (see more particularly Figs. 16

and 17,) while the-forward motion is produced bya beveled or spiral construction of the face ot the cam.. (See Figs. 14, l5, 18, and 19.) Thus the peripherical portionof said cam acts on the under side of the forward portion of the pivoted dog M and the cut-away or spir.- ally-constructed face of the cam'on the projection q of the slide L, which carries the dog. Furthermore, to effect the feed of the cloth in the two directions specified, the presser-foot S is not only turned up on its front end'to provide for the free` entrance of the cloth between it and the plate C, when the feed is in transverse relation with the shaft H, but said presser-foot is constructed with a back turnedup portion or rear lateral bent lip, 1', to provide for the free entrance of the cloth between the presser-foot and the cloth-plate when the feed is in direction with or parallel to the length of the shaft H-v-that is, from the back to front of the machine.

That part ofthe invention which relates to the enchaining of the loops of the needlethread-or, in other words, to the production of a simple chain or tambour stitch, as shown in Fig. l3is more particularly illustrated in Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1l, and 12 of the drawing. Its-refers to a combination, with a rotating hook, K, such, for instance, as used in a Wheeler and Wilson machine for taking the loop from a needle-thread-of a flat hook, T, made of a piece of thin sheet metal, and arranged to enter the groove s, provided in the main hook K for the Aentrance of the needle k, and so that the outer surface of the supplementary dat hook T lies behind the needle in its movement up and down within the main or rotating hook K, and so that the needle may pass between the flat hook Tand the nose t of the main hook, as in a former invention of mine for making a locked-thread chainstitch, for vwhich Letters Patent were granted June 29, 1865.

In this previous invention the iat hook, the nose of which, as in the present case, points in areverse direction to that of the main hook, was formed with a pivot -which fitted into the eye of the bobbin that was inserted into the centralvcavity in the face of the main or rotat- 'ing hook, and said bobbin and at hook held in place by an ordinary' bobbin-ring, the operation beingasbllows: When the machine was set in motion the friction between the rotating hook,the bobbin, and a shoulder or disk connected with themain hook caused the blunt nose oi'vt-he 'flat hook to remain in contact with the `back of the throat ofthe main or rotating hook, to secure the joint rotation of the two hooks, so that the loop of the Vneedlethread would not only be extended by the rotating hook, but `its side, which passed over the inner side or back of thebobbin, escaped past the heel of the rotating hook andthe bendV of the loop escapedpast a separate brush or pad, -which acted as a check, whereby Vthe inner side ofthe loop back of the bobbin, instead of being drawn upward on the outer side of the needle, slipped over and passed behind the iathook, and wasithereby conducted behind the needle, so as to surround the new or next loop formed by the needle in its passage through the cloth; and, as the previous loop was drawn up toward the cloth by 'the extension of the new loop, said previous loop was drawn tightly around the new loop,

thereby enchaining the loops with a lockingthread through them on the under side of the cloth. i

Such is, substantially, the operation of the enchaining devices shown in Figs. 6, 7, 8,9, 10, 11, and 12, of the accompanying drawing;

'but the hobbin' within therotating hook,

yas also'a separate brush for detaining` the thread, are dispensed with, and the iiat hook T, the nose u of which points in the reverse direction to that ofthe main hook K, forms a part of', or is attached to,a ring, b', which is fitted with a-cireular opening in the face of the main hook K, and s that the lat hook T Alies within the groove s thereof', back ot' the pathof the needle. Furthermore, said ring b is formed or otherwise provided with a loopdetaining wing or arm, c', bent to project outward, or in front of the ring, and taking the place ofthe separate brush previously used.

When the machine is in operation the-blunt4 nose ofthe hook T Vremains in contact withl the back ot' the throat or heel of the main hook T behind the needle 7c, while the other or out-.

er side ofthe said loop, that has been detained by the wing or arm c of the ring b', passes oft' said wing, and, as a new loop, is-carried down by the needle. (See Figs. 10 and 11.) The old loop, in the further operation of the pa-rts, is made to surround or enchain within it the new loop, as shown in Fig. 12, and as the operation is continued the tension tightens the tambour or ehainstitch thus produced.

'A' is the ring-frame, which holds the ring b to its place in the main hook K, said ringframe corresponding with the ordinary bobbinring used-in well-known revolving hook and bobbin'machines but said ring-frame is here provided with a screw or loop cheek, d', on

theone side ot' it, and the face ot' the main hook K is constructed from its nose backward to the beveled portion e', which gives the-r-V- twist tothe loop, with an approximate bearing-surface or channel, f', for the point ot' the 'screw d. This screw d serves, when the ring b with its hook T and wing or arm c' is dispensed with, to detain `the loop of the needlethread when a bobbin, B', Fig. 5,'carrying a locking-thread, is substituted for the ring b in the main hook, for the same purpose as the wingor arm c of the ring b'-'namely, to produce .an enchaining of the needlethread loops, but with a locking-thread interlacing them. This is done by the point ofthe screw dholding-onto the outer side of the loop for a greater or less length of time, while the channel or surface f travels past the point of the screw. Said screw or loop check d" may also serve as an additional loop-check or detainer in case of any breakage of the arm or wing c when a single thread is being worked, 'and the ring b', carrying the hook T, is substituted for the bobbin. In such case the screw d may have an advance position given it by inserting it through an eye or boss, g', or a cha-nge of position may be adopted for the screw d in any case, according to the distention required for each loop, in succession, before it is liberated to enchain with or surround a new loop.

No restriction is-here placed upon the direction ofthe main hooks rotation, which may be reversed, the other parts being made to correspond. l

The needle-thread l, instead of passing through a' short eye o1: guide on the Lipper portion ot' the needle-bar, as is usually the case, is passed through a tubular guide, Q', arranged to extend both in front and in the rear of the needle-barD, and carried by the latter, whereby snarling` or twisting of the needle-thread, as so frequently occurs when a mere loop or short eye-guide is used, isavoided.

I do not, in this application, claim the niechanical movement constituted by the double system of wrist-pins d e, and their connectingrods F G, aside from their combination ,and

arrangement with reference to the needleconnecting-rod, and arranged for thespecific purpose ot' throwing the single set of wristpins past their dead-centers,'as I am aware that such is old. and, moreover, di'ers essentially from my herein-described combination, the latter exerting a positive and continuous driving action npon the needle-operating shaft D, each set of wrist-pins and connecting-rod neting alternately to drive the shaft during the one-Indi' of the revolution of the sume.

What I do claim as my invention isl. The combination, with the shai'tD, Whichnetnntes the needle-bnr, of the ernnk,.wrist pins d e, arranged nt right angles, or thereabout, with each other, the correspondingly- :arranged wrist-pins fg, and the connecting rods F G, substantially :is deswribed.l l

2. The needle-driving mechanism, comprising' the double system of Wrist pins d the permanent connecting-rod G, the detachable connecting-rod F., and the Weight Lattaehed to the Wrist-pin ofthe rod G, whereby the neehy n single rod and its connected Wrist-pins,

or hy the double systexnofr rods and pins, as

described.

3. The arm or driver 0, attached to the sliding und rockin geccentri'cbnr P, in combination with the i'eedopemting eccentric O, the slide L, and the feeding-doglisuhstantally as and JOHN '-MCGLOSKEY.

pose set forth die-shaft may, on occasion, be driven either i Witnesses HENRY' TL BROWN', NHGBIA'EL RYAN. 

